Ford Mustang (1999-2004) Service Manual: Torque Converter (Description and Operation)
The torque converter transmits and multiplies torque. The torque converter is a four-element device:
- impeller assembly
- turbine assembly
- reactor assembly
- clutch and damper assembly
The standard torque converter components operate as follows:
- Rotation of the converter housing and impeller set the fluid in motion.
- The turbine reacts to the fluid motion from the impeller, transferring rotation to the geartrain through the input shaft.
- The reactor redirects fluid going back into the impeller, allowing for torque multiplication.
- The clutch and damper assembly dampens powertrain torsional vibration and provides a direct mechanical connection for improved efficiency.
- Power is transmitted from the torque converter to the planetary gearsets and other components through the input shaft.
Shift Patterns
Upshifts
Transmission upshifting is controlled by the powertrain control
module (PCM). The PCM receives
inputs from various engine or vehicle sensors and driver demands to
control shift sche ...
Geartrain
Power is transmitted from the torque converter to the Ravigneaux
geartrain components through the
input shaft and forward clutch cylinder.
The geartrain contains a Ravigneaux planetary set ...
Other materials:
Component Tests
Battery-Load Test
1. With the engine running, turn the A/C on, the blower motor on high
speed and the headlamps
on high beam.
2. Increase the engine speed to approximately 2,000 rpm. The voltage
should increase a minimum
of 0.5 volt above the ba ...
Brake Pads - Cobra
Removal
1. Remove brake fluid in the master cylinder reservoir until the
reservoir is half full.
2. Raise and support the vehicle.
3. Remove the tire and wheel assembly.
4. CAUTION: Install new pads if worn to or past the specified
thi ...
Output Shaft
Special Tool(s)
Remover, Drive Pinion Bearing
Cone
205-D002 (D79L-4621-A) or
equivalent
Installer, Drive Pinion Bearing
Cone
205-011 (T57L-4621-B)
...